$1:
Now I have read the story... Europeans were Neanderthals, and Homo Sapiens were African. How come the "whites", that originally are Neanderthals, are thinking they were (and in some cases still are) "better" than the original HS
Whoa there! The scientific consensus is that both Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens originated in Africa and migrated outward, with Neanderthals pre-dating Homo Sapiens and so arriving in Europe and elsewhere much earlier. Homo Sapiens are a second wave of humans to move out of Africa much later in time but are not beleived to be descendents of Neanderthals, rather "cousins" who share a common ancestor with them. DNA testing suggests that all modern humans are descended from Homo Sapiens.
The various skin colours are evolutionary adaptations to local enviroments. In southern lattitudes, darker skin protects a person from absorbing too much of the sun's rays but in northern lattitudes where there is less direct sunlight, pigment is a liability because we must absorb sunlight to produce Vitamin D. The humans that migrated areas of less direct sunlight gradually lost their skin pigmentation but still produce it in small quantities when exposed to sunglight, which we call a tan.