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Yet historical records show that European ships frequented the St. John's harbour a hundred years before the founding of Quebec City. And according to the Canadian Encyclopedia, Europeans had already begun to settle around the harbour by 1583, when Sir Humphrey Gilbert went ashore to claim the island for the British Crown.
By the time Quebec City was founded 25 years later, St. John's was already a bustling little community, said Paul O'Neill, past president of the Newfoundland Historical Society and author of the book The Oldest City: the Story of St. John's, Newfoundland. "It would have been a port into which ships came and there would have been a scattering of dwellings here," said Mr. O'Neill in an interview.
Canadian historian Jack Granatstein agreed that St. John's is "unquestionably" an older settlement than Quebec City.