Brenda Brenda:
Ok, that makes sense, but that still does not explain to me why the most important thing of a nuclear reactor is (except for water) a containment chamber for when it goes wrong.
Why do you have airbags in your car? Same reason. You can't get a car with airbags during an accident. You also have to build a reactor with the worst possible scenario in mind.
Oh definitely, but my confusion came from the fact that I didn't understand why pouring concrete in it now would be no good because of contamination, but when it's all melted, it is ok. Now I do. Thanks!
Brenda Brenda:
I mean, when they melt, they are not spent, right? But they will melt in a concrete containment chamber, while that doesnt mean it won't leak. Because what you tell me, is that radiation leaks through concrete...
Why did they throw concrete over the Chernobyl disaster then? If it is not good enough? Is there nothing else?
We are talking two different things here. The rods in reactors 1-3 are not 'spent', they are fully viable. The rods in reactor 4 are 'spent', from all the years the plant has been in operation. Without cooling, the rods in reactors 1-3 will produce enough heat to turn the uranium metal in to liquid. Reactor 4 might as well, but that's because of the huge volume of rods there. They are encased in pellets of ceramic to hopefully prevent the liquid from escaping, but they could produce enough heat to also melt the ceramic. In which case, they would hit the floor of the containment chamber and spread out, and cool. The containment chamber would hold them long term, and without contaminating the surrounding environment.
Nuclear reactors produce heat by bringing bits of radioactive uranium close together, and letting them heat each other up. Remove them from close proximity, and they will cool and emit less radiation. That's why the floor of the containment chamber is so large. Take a glass of boiling water, and dump it on your kitchen floor, and see how quick it cools compared to one sitting on the counter. That is the purpose of the containment chamber. Filling the cores with concrete would prevent the rods melting all over the floor and would keep all the radiation from escaping anywhere far away, but they would still produce all that heat and radiation until they are 'spent'. The local environment would be screwed, but the West coast of North America would be 'safe'.
THAT makes sense. Thanks for explaining