That went off in a lot of different directions, but for now let's deal with this.
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The US left according to the timetable that the Bush Admin agreed to and handed control to the Maliki government as the Iraqis wanted. Then the Maliki Shiite government returned to their usual sectarian politics. The Sunnis were once again alienated and when the ISIS movement spread out of the Syrian chaos the Sunnis had no interest at all in propping up the Baghdad government or doing anything to impede ISIS
All true, but...
On the video on the previous page Bush said in 2007, "to begin withdrawing before our commanders tell us we are ready would be dangerous, for Iraq, for the region, and for the United States..."
Then in 2008 he signs the Status of Forces agreement that sets a timetable for withdrawal.
How much did this matter? Obama didn't think it much of it. He was taking credit for a withdrawal timetable as his own plan. Bush's timetable didn't seem to exist to Obama at the time.
Many believed there was some flexibility in the accord.
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U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates had predicted that after 2011 he would have expected to see "perhaps several tens of thousands of American troops" as part of a residual force in Iraq.[15] Some Americans had discussed "loopholes"[16] and some Iraqis had said they believed parts of the pact remained a "mystery".[13]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.%E2%80 ... _AgreementThe NY Times thought there was flexibility in the Status of Forces Agreement.
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That status-of-forces agreement remains subject to change, by mutual agreement, and Army planners acknowledge privately that they are examining projections that could see the number of Americans hovering between 30,000 and 50,000 — and some say as high as 70,000 — for a substantial time even beyond 2011.
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/04/us/po ... ml?_r=1&emIn 2008 Reuters was saying...
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Navy Adm. Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said he and other senior U.S. commanders accept the terms of the new status of forces agreement, or SOFA, that will govern the presence of U.S. troops in Iraq after December 31.
But Mullen said he and other U.S. military officials, including U.S. Commander in Iraq Gen. Ray Odierno and his boss, Gen. David Petraeus, continue to prefer a withdrawal based on security conditions rather than timetables.
"I'm in a position that is still conditions-based and I think it needs to be measured," he said. "Three years is a long time. Conditions could change in that period of time."
U.S. commanders in the field have repeatedly warned that security gains are fragile and could easily be reversed.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/11/ ... CB20081117This one from the NY Times 2011 shows the Iraqis and the Americans putting the final ink on the agreement. At the time they were still talking about residual forces with flexible increases. Also...
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At the end of the Bush administration, when the Status of Forces Agreement, or SOFA, was negotiated, setting 2011 as the end of the United States’ military role, officials had said the deadline was set for political reasons, to put a symbolic end to the occupation and establish Iraq’s sovereignty. But there was an understanding, a senior official here said, that a sizable American force would stay in Iraq beyond that date.
Over the last year, in late-night meetings at the fortified compound of the Iraqi president, Jalal Talabani, and in videoconferences between Baghdad and Washington, American and Iraqi negotiators had struggled to reach an agreement. All the while, both Mr. Obama and the Iraqi prime minister, Nuri Kamal al-Maliki, gave the world a wink and nod, always saying that Iraq was ready to stand on its own but never fully closing the door on the possibility of American troops’ staying on.
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/22/world ... .html?_r=0So there were all kinds of possibilities for Obama to maintain a presence in Iraq if he wanted to. According to him at the time he was in charge of the timetable. Bush's general rule of thumb was they should listen to the commanders as to when and how to finally move out. The commanders thought they had some flexibility.
It was Obama's decision. The buck stopped there. He screwed up. Read the complete last article. You'll see how.
And how many might die as a result? Well ISIS is behind killings in the west already and promising more, and there's no guarantee an alliance of the willing might not have to return to clean up Obama's mess in Iraq. None of that had to happen. They just had to wait until the Iraqi government was truly ready to take over. Having people that could have organized that might have helped too.
But at the core the surge was successful. Al Qaeda in Iraq was pretty much cleaned up at the time, and the leftover Baathists were driven so deep underground they never had to be heard from again.